Life of Prophet Muhammad (Pbuh) - Short Story - Seerah, Biography, History in English

Brief biography of the Holy Prophet Muhammad Pbuh

It is incumbent on every Muslim to know it therefore brief features are explained here. That means virtuous and auspicious life sketch of beloved prophet (Peace be upon him)

1. His Spirit was created at first and appeared in the last.

2. He was born on Monday 12 Rabiul Awwal (Fifty Three years before the invent of Hijra calendar.) in Makkah at dawn some fifteen hundred years back (According to the famous version).

3. He hails from Quresh Family and descendant of the prophet Hazrat Ismail (Peace be upon him)

4. The names of his immediate ancestors upto four generations are as follows:-(they are popularly known as 'char kursi' (Four Seats). Muhammad (Peace be upon him) son of Abdullah Bin Abdul Muttalib Bin Hasham Bin Abd Munaf.

5. The name of His holy mother is Bibi Aaminah daughter of Wahab.

6. No one educated him except Allah (The knowledge and wisdom that passed on to him throuhg Hazrat Jibrail was in fact from the Almighty Allah).

7. He was Granted Messenger-ship by the Almighty Allah when he was 40 years old (That means this is the first revelation).

8 From the date he was appointed as Messenger of Allah Hazrath Jibrail (Peace be upon him) frequently used to come and deliver the Holy Quran now and then. The entire Quran was revealed on Him within a period of 23 years (During the period of the companions of the Holy Prophet it was gathered in the shape of book).

9 During the twelfth year of pophethood 'Meraj' (Ascension/ elevation) took place. During the night of Monday the 27^th Rajab the Almighty Allah caused him to reach, physically while awoke, rode on a Stallion (Burraq). Baitul Maqdis upto seven skies and to the places selected (Paramount (Arsh) Seat (kursi) etc.). He visited the Heavens (Heaven) and the hell (Jahannam) in the same night and same time returned to Makkah. This is called Meraj.

10. After his appointment as messenger He propagated (Propagation of Islam among the human beings) Islam for 13 years in Makkah. In accordance with the divine orders he migrated to Madina which is called 'Hijrat' (Migration).

11 He resided in Madina for 10 years and on 12th Rabiul Awal Monday reached the eternity. At that time He was 63 years.

12 His grave is in Madina which is visited by the Muslims of the universe.

13 To love him (The sign of loving him and to befriend him is to follow his traditions and to obey the orders given by him.) and to give him preference more than one's own life, children and wealth is the core of the Belief and to recite Darood Shareef on him is the perfection of faith in islam.

A Brief Introduction To Nabi e Akram Life of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)

(Recommended To Be Memorized)

1. Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) names are Muhammad and Ahmad.

2. The first person to make Duaa for the birth of Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) was Hadhrat Ibrahim (Alayhis Salaatu Was Salaam).

3. The birth of Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) was on the 8th, 10th or 12th of Rabi-ul-Awwal; the 22nd of April on a Monday in the early part of the morning.

4. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) was from the Hashimi nation, the Quraish tribe and was of Arab origin.

5. Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) respected father’s name was Hadhrat Abdullah and his respected mother’s name was Hadhrat Aaminah.

6. Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) paternal grandfather’s (Dada’s) name was Abdul Muttalib and his paternal grandmother’s (Dadi’s) name was Faatimah the daughter of Amar.

7. Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) maternal grandfather’s (Nana’s) name was Wahab and his maternal grandmother’s name was Barrah (Nani’s).

8. Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) respected father passed away at the age of twenty-five. He is buried in Madinah Munawwarah, at that time Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) was still in the womb of his mother.

9. When Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) was born, his mother wet-nursed/suckled him for four (4) days. Then for a few days, Abu Lahab’s slave Thuwaiba suckled him. Then Hadrat Haleemah Sa’diyyah (Ra) suckled him (ﷺ). Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) was with Hadrat Haleema (Ra) for four (4) years. Thereafter she returned him (ﷺ) to his beloved mother.

10. When Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) was six (6) years of age, his respected mother passed away and at that time she was thirty (30) years of age. Her grave is in Maqame-Abwa which is eighty (80) miles out of Madinah Munawwarah, on the route to Makkah Mukarramah.

11. At the age of eight (8), Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) paternal grandfather passed away. According to one narration, his age was ninety-eight (98). And according to another narration his age was one hundred and ten (110) years old.

12. Hadrat Abdul Muttalib at the time of his death, handed Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) into the care of Abu Talib (who was Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) paternal uncle). At the time of Abu Talib’s death, Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) was forty-nine years and eight months old.

13. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) had eleven (11) wives, who were also known as “Azwaaj e Mutahharaat” (The pure, unblemished wives). Hereunder, their respective names are listed:

*Important Note: Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) marriages were performed even before the verse was revealed in which Allah (ﷺ) ordained that Muslims can only have four (4) wives at a time.

14. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) had three (3) sons:

● Hadhrat Qaasim (RA)

● Hadhrat Abdullah (who was also known as Tayyab and Tahir) (RA)

● Hadhrat Ibrahim (RA)

15. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) had four (4) daughters:

● Hadhrat Zainab (RA)

● Hadhrat Ruqayyah (RA)

● Hadhrat Umme Kulthum (RA)

● Hadhrat Faatimah (RA)

16. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) had three (3) son-in-laws:

● Hadhrat Abu Al’aas (RA)

● Hadhrat Uthman (RA)

● Hadhrat Ali (RA)

 *After the passing away of Hadhrat Ruqayyah (RA), Hadhrat Umme Kulthum (RA) was married to Hadhrat Uthman (RA)

17. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) had eleven (11) paternal uncles:

● Haarith

● Abu Taalib

● Zubair

● Hadhrat Hamza (RA)

● Abu Lahab

● Quthm

● Ghaidaq

● Muqawwim

● Dharar

● Hadhrat Abbas (RA)

● Mugherah.

*From amongst them, only two paternal uncles accepted Islam; Hadhrat Hamza (RA) and Hadhrat Abbas (RA).

18. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) had six (6) paternal aunts:

● Hadhrat Safiyyah (RA)

● Umme Hakeem

● Aatika

● Barrah

● Urwa

● Umaima

*From amongst them, only one aunt accepted Islam; Hadhrat Safiyyah (RA), who was the mother of Hadhrat Zubair bin Awwam (RA)

19. Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) horses’ names were:

● Yasoob

● Laheef

● Murtajiz

● Sakab

● Lizar

● Warad.

20. Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) camel’s name was Qaswa.

21. Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) mule’s name was Duldul.

22. Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) donkey’s name was Yafoor.

23. Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) swords’ names were:

● Adhb

● Rasoob

● Mikhtham

● Qal’ee

● Mathoor

● Hataf

● Battar

● Qudhaib

● Zulfiqar.

24. At the age of forty (40), Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) received Nubuwwah (prophethood). The first revelation came on Monday, the seventeenth (17th) of Ramadhan al-Kareem, in the cave of Hira.

25. For the first three years, the call towards Islam was kept silent. After that, by the command of Allah (SWT), He (ﷺ) started giving da’wah openly.

26. From the age of forty (40) to fifty-three (53) He (ﷺ) was in Makkah al-Mukarramah, i.e. he spent thirteen (13) years in Makkah al-Mukarramah.

27. At the age of fifty-three (53) Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) migrated to Madinah Munawwarah and remained there until he (ﷺ) left this temporary abode.

The Time Period After Receiving Nubuwwah

28. In the  5^th year of Nubuwwah, a few companions (RA) migrated to Abyssinia (current day Ethiopia). The group comprised of eleven (11) men and five (5) women. In the same year, another group comprising of eighty-six (86) men and sixteen (16) women migrated.

29. In the 6^th  year of Nubuwwah, Hadhrat Umar Farooq (RA) and Hadhrat Hamza (RA) both accepted Islam.

30. In the 7^th  year of Nubuwwah, Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) and his companions (RA) were boycotted from having any form of relationships with others by their oppressors. The boycott was effective for three (3) years.

31. In the 10^th  year of Nubuwwah:

• The suffering of the above three years finally came to an end.

• The uncle of Nabi e Akram (ﷺ), Abu Talib, passed away.

• After a few days, Hadhrat Khadeejah (RA) also passed away.

• The journey of Ta’if took place.

32. In the 11^th  year of Nubuwwah:

• Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) was blessed with the Mi’raj (physical and spiritual ascension to the Heavens).

• 5 Daily Salaah (Prayer) became Fardh (compulsory).

• Six people from Madinah Munawwarah came and took Bay’ah (a pledge) at the hands of Nabi e Akram (ﷺ).

33. In the 12th year of Nubuwwah, twelve (12) people came from Madinah Munawwarah, and took Bay’ah at the hands of Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) and this is known as the first pledge of Aqabah. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) sent Hadhrat Abdullah (RA), the son of Umme Maktoom (RA) and Mus’ab Bin Umair (RA) with those twelve (12) people to teach them the Deen (Religion).

34. In the 13th year of Nubuwwah, seventy-five (75) people came from Madinah Munawwarah to Makkah Mukarramah with Mus’ab Bin Umair (RA). At this juncture, Nabi (ﷺ) discussed with them regarding the Hijrat (migration) to Madinah Munawwarah. This was known as the second pledge of Aqabah.

The Events That Took Place From The Time Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) Came To Madinah Munawwarah Until His Departure From This Temporary Abode (Dunya).

The Events Of The First Year After Hijrah (Migration):

1. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) left Makkah Mukarramah on Thursday and stayed in the cave of Thawr for three days. He departed from the cave on Monday for Madinah Munawwarah and reached Madinah Munawwarah the following Monday.

Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) spent a few days in Quba, a place near Madinah Munawwarah. He built a Masjid there.

Thereafter, He (ﷺ) left for Madina on Friday. When he arrived in the locality of Banu Salim, the time of Jumu’ah had already set in. He performed the Jumu’ah prayers there. This was the first Jumu’ah prayer to be performed in Islam.

2. He (ﷺ) then proceeded to Madinah Munawwarah and was hosted by Hadhrat Abu Ayyub Al-Ansari (RA).

3. He (ﷺ) then built Masjid-un-Nabawi (ﷺ).

4. He (ﷺ) arranged a special system of brotherhood between the Ansaar (RA) and Muhajireen (RA). (The Ansaar were the residents of Madinah Munawwarah and the Muhajireen were those who migrated from Makkah Mukarramah to Madinah Munawwarah).

5. Adhaan was initiated. This happened in the following way:

• Hadhrat Abdullah bin Zaid (RA) saw a dream, detailing the method of calling out the Adhaan.

• Hadhrat Bilal (RA) gave the first Adhaan of Fajr.

6. The marriage with Hadhrat Aa’ishah Siddiqah (RA) was consummated. Some scholars write that this was during the second migration.

The Events Of The Second Year After Hijrah (Migration):

1. It was now ordained to face the Ka’bah Shareef (the house of Allah [جل جلاله]) for Salaah. Before this, Salaah was performed facing Baitul Maqdis (Masjid al-Aqsa).

2. Fasting in the month of Ramadhaan al-Kareem was made Fardh (compulsory).

3. The Eid Salaah was initiated.

4. Qurbaani (slaughter of a sacrificial animal) was made Waajib (compulsory).

5. The Eid Salaah on Eid ul-Adha (10th Dhul Hijjah) was initiated.

6. Zakaat (compulsory charity) was ordained.

7. Sadaqatul Fitr (charity to be given out before Eidul Fitr) was made Waajid (compulsory).

8. The two Khutbah (sermons) after the Eid Salaahs were initiated.

9. The Nikah of Hadhrat Faatimah (RA) [aged 15 years old] to Hadhrat Ali (RA) [aged 21 years old] took place.

10. The respected daughter of Nabi e Akram (ﷺ), Hadhrat Ruqayyah (RA), passed away.

11. Permission for Jihaad was given.

12. The Ghazwah (battle) of Badr took place in Ramadhaan. The Muslim army numbered three hundred and thirteen (313), while the Non-Muslim army numbered one thousand (1,000). Seventeen (17) disbelievers were killed and seventy (70) were captured. Five thousand (5,000) angels descended to help the Muslims.

The Events Of The Third Year After Hijrah (Migration):

1. The battle of Uhud took place. The Muslims army consisted of seven hundred (700) companions and the non-Muslim’s army equaled one thousand (1,000) soldiers. Seventy (70) companions (RA) were martyred.

2. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) got married to Hadhrat Hafsah (RA).

3. Hadhrat Umme Kulthum (RA) was married to Hadhrat Uthman (RA).

4. Hadhrat Hassan (RA) was born.

5. Wine was made Haraam (forbidden).

The Events Of The Fourth Year After Hijrah (Migration):

1. Hadhrat Husain (RA) was born.

2. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) got married to Hadhrat Umme Salma (RA) and Hadhrat Zainab bint Khuzaima (RA).

3. The command of Hijab (veil for women) was revealed.

4. Hadhrat Zaid ibn Thabit (RA) was instructed to learn the Jewish language (Hebrew).

The Events Of The Fifth Year After Hijrah (Migration):

1. The hypocrites slandered Hadhrat Aa’ishah Siddiqah (RA). Thereafter Allah (ﷺ) confirmed Hadhrat Aa’ishah’s (RA) chastity in the Qur’aan e Kareem.

2. The battle of Khandaq took place wherein the Muslims dug trenches and remained in there for 15 days, protecting themselves and fighting.

3. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) got married to Hadhrat Zainab bint Jahash (RA) and Hadhrat Juwairiyyah bint Harith (RA).

The Events Of The Sixth Year After Hijrah (Migration):

1. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) left for Umrah with One thousand, five hundred (1,500) Companions (RA). The non-Muslims did not allow them to enter Makkah Mukarramah. They then returned after negotiating a peace treaty at Hudaibiyah, and the promise to return the following year for Umrah was given.

The Events Of The Seventh Year After Hijrah (Migration):

1. The Ghazwa (battle) of Khaibar took place (Khaibar was a Jewish settlement near Madinah Munawwarah). The Jews were gathered there. After the battle, Khaibar was conquered.

2. After the conquest of Khaibar, Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) got married to Hadhrat Safiyyah bint Huyy (RA) and to Hadhrat Maimunah (RA) in Makkah Mukarramah.

3. Mut’ah (the marriage that is only valid for a few days) was made Haraam (totally forbidden) forever.

4. In accordance to the agreement, the Qadhaa (replacement) of the previous year’s Umrah (minor pilgrimage) was carried out.

5. Hadhrat Khalid Bin Waleed (RA) and Hadhrat Amr Ibnul Aas (RA) accepted Islam.

The Events Of The Eighth Year After Hijrah (Migration):

1. The expedition (Ghazwah) of ‘Mutah’ took place wherein Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) appointed Hadhrat Zaid Bin Haarithah (RA) as the leader of the army. He (ﷺ) also said, that if he (Hadhrat Zaid) was martyred, then Hadhrat Ja’far Bin Abu Talha (RA) should replace him as Ameer. If he too was martyred, then Hadhrat Abdullah Ibn Rawahah (RA), should take control, after him the Muslims should choose whoever they would like to be the Ameer.

At the end, all three were martyred, and Hadhrat Khalid Bin Waleed (RA) was made the Ameer.

2. The Quraish went against the conditions of the treaty of Hudaibiyyah. As a result, Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) led an army of ten thousand, to Makkah Mukarramah and conquered it. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) destroyed all the idols in and around Ka’batullaah Shareef.

3. On this very day, Hadhrat Abu Quhafah (RA) [the father of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (RA)] accepted Islam.

4. The expeditions of Hunain and Taa’if took place. On the return journey, at a place called ‘Ji’ranah’, the Ihraam [clothing worn for the performance of Hajj and Umrah] was donned.

The Events Of The Ninth Year After Hijrah (Migration):

1. The expedition of Tabuk took place, wherein Hadhrat Abu Bakr Siddiq (RA) presented all his wealth as his contribution towards the expedition.

Three Companions (RA) didn’t participate in this battle. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) became upset with them, and all the other Noble Companions (RA) were prohibited from speaking to these three. Fifty (50) days later, Allah (جلالهجل ) declared their forgiveness in the Noble Qur’aan.

The three Noble Companions (RA) were:

● Hadhrat Ka’ab Bin Malik (RA)

● Hadhrat Hilaal Bin Umayyah (RA)

● Hadhrat Murarah Bin Rabee'ah (RA)

2. On return from a journey, Masjid e Dhiraar (A ‘masjid’ that the hypocrites had built to plot against the Muslims.) was burnt down.

3. Hajj (The major pilgrimage) was made Compulsory (Fardh). Hadhrat Abu Bakr (RA) was appointed as the Ameer of a group, and they were sent for Hajj.

4. Hadhrat Umme Kulthum (RA), the Respected Daughter of Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) left this temporary abode.

 5. Interest was made Haraam (forbidden).

The Events Of The Tenth Year After Hijrah (Migration):

1. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) performed his final Hajj. There was a group of one hundred and forty thousand (140,000) people with him (ﷺ). His final sermon was delivered at Arafah.

2. Hadhrat Ali (RA), Hadhrat Mu’aadh Bin Jabal (RA) and Hadhrat Abu Mussa Ash’ari (RA) were sent to different areas in Yemen.

3. Hadhrat Ibrahim (RA), the Respected Son of Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) passed away.

The Events Of The Eleventh Year After Hijrah (Migration):

1. The journey of Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) to the Aakhirah occurred. His (fatal illness began on a Wednesday, and He (ﷺ) remained sick for thirteen days continuously. It began with a headache.

2. Hadhrat Abu Bakr (RA) was ordered to start leading the Salaah.

3. The last Salaah led by Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) was Maghrib on a Thursday.

He (ﷺ) departed this worldly abode four days later, on a Monday after the Dhuhr Salaah. According to one source, this was on the 12th of Rabi ul-Awwal.

4. After His (ﷺ) departure from the world, His (Blessed Body was preserved for three days, and on Wednesday, He (ﷺ) was buried.

5. Hadhrat Ali (RA) performed the Ghusl for Nabi e Akram (ﷺ). He used water from the ‘Ghars’ well that belonged to Hadhrat Sa’d (RA). Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) had used the water from this well during his lifetime as well.

6. Nabi e Akram’s (ﷺ) Kafan (Burial cloth) consisted of three pieces of cloth made from cotton.

7. Hadhrat Abu Talha (RA) dug the Blessed Grave.

8. Everyone performed the Janaazah Salaah separately.

9. Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) was buried on Wednesday in the house of Hadhrat Aa’ishah Siddiqah (RA)

10. Hadhrat Abbas, Hadhrat Ali, Hadhrat Fadhl Bin Abbas and Hadhrat Qutham Bin Abbas (RA) went down into the Blessed Grave.

• The last Companion of Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) to see Him (was Hadhrat Mugheerah Bin Shubah (RA). [His ring had fallen into the Blessed Grave whilst sand was being placed into it, so he descended into the Blessed Grave to retrieve his ring and paid his last respects to Nabi e Akram (ﷺ).]

• Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) was sixty-three (63) years of age at the time of His (departure from this temporary abode.

• The Blessed Age of Nabi e Akram (ﷺ) at the time of His (passing, according to the lunar calendar was sixty-three (63) years and four days, and according to the Gregorian calendar, it was sixty-one (61) years, two months and twenty-four (24) days.

Life of Prophet Muhammad (Pbuh) - Story - Seerah Biography History in English