Tajweed Quran Rules Short Notes for Jamia Nizamia Exam

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Topics

1. Makhraj-ka-bayan

2. Laam-e-jalala ka bayan

3. Raw ke qaiday

4. Noon sakin aur tanveen ka bayan

5. Meem sakin ka bayan

6. Madh ka bayan

7. Wakhf ka bayan

8. Haay-e-kinaya ka bayan

9. Edhghaam ka bayan

10. Tilawat ki kaifiyat

11. Lahan ka bayan

12. Huroof-e-qamari

13. Huroof-e-shamsi

14. Hamzah-e–asli ki tareef

15. Hamzah-e–wasli ki tareef

16. Noon-e-khutni ki tareef

17. Hamzatain ka bayan

18. Halaat imaam-e–jazri (rh)

19. Halaat imaam-e-aasim kufi (rh)

20. Halaat imaam-e-shouba (rh)

21. Halaat imaam-e-hafs (rh)

22. Sifaat-e-asdadiya aur sifaat-e-ghair-asdadiya

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Tajwid Quran Complete Course Rules Qaide Simple Easy Brief Info in Roman English Hindi Urdu

Tajweed ki tareef :-

Tajweed ke laghvi mana sawarna khoobsurat banana hai aur khurra ki istelah mein jumla khawayidein mukharara ke saath Quraan e majeed ko sawaar kar padhna ko tajweed kehte hai.

Zaroorat-E-Tajweed

Is Ilm Ki Farziyat Kitabullah Aur Sunnat-E-Rasool Dono Se Sabit hai.

Allah Pak Ka Irshaad:

وَ رَتِّلِ الْـقُرْآنَ تَرْتِیْلاً ۝

Tarjuma: Aur padh quran ko saaf saaf raushan. Is ayat me tarteel se murad tajweed hai.

الَّذِیْنَ اَعْطَیْنٰھُمْ الْکِتَابَ یَتْلُوْنَهُ حَقَّ تِلَاوَتِهٖ

Tarjuma: jin logon ko humne quran diya wo isko padhte rehte hain jaise ke uska padhne ka haq hai

Yaani, saaf saaf sahi ibarat ke muwafiq padhe taa ke maine wa matlab durust rahe.

Huzoor (Saws) ka irshad hai : tum mein behtar wo shaks hai jisne quran sikha aur sikhaya wa neez irshad farmaya bahut se quran padhne wale ayise bhi hain ke quran-e-majeed unpar l’anat karta hain kyun ki wo in usool e tilawat ke khilaaf padhte hain.

Tajweed ka hukum:-

Quraan-e-majeed ko tajweed ke saath padhna har musalmaan mard aur aurat par farz hai. Jo, Quraan-e-majeed ko tajweed se na padhe woh gunahgaar hai.

Tajweed ke buniyaadi Ousool 5 hai:-

1) Makharij-e- huroof

2) Sifaat e huroof

3) Huroof wa kalimaat ka wasl

4) Waqf

5) Ibteda

1.MAKHRAJ KA BAYAN

Makhraj ki Tareef:-

Harf ke nikalne ki jagah ko makhraj kehte hai makhraj ki jama makhaarij hai.

Makhraj ki pehchaan:-

Harf ke ada karne mein jis jagah awaaz taherti hai wohi uska makhraj hai.

Tajwid Complete Rules Qaide Simple Easy Brief Info in Roman English Hindi Urdu

KUL MAKHRAJ 17 HAI

Pehla makhraj:- JOUFI

Halaq aur moo ke khali hisse se teen huroof Waw ( و), Alif ( ا ), Yaa ( ي ), nikalte hai.

Dusra makhraj:- HALAQI

Aakhri halaq se jo seene ki taraf hai do huroof Hamzah (ء), Haa (ہ) nikalte hai.

Teesra makhraj:- HALAQI

Darmiyani halaq se do huroof Aain (ع), Haa (ح) nikalte hai.

Chautha makhraj:- HALAQI

Aakhri halaq se jo moo ki taraf hai do huroof Ghain (غ), Kha (خ), nikalte hai.

Note:-Hamza – Haa, Aain – Haa, Ghain – kha in 6 huroof ko huroof-e-halaqi aur huroof-e- izhaar bhi kehte hai.

Paanchwa makhraj:- GALSAMI

Zuban ki jadd aur parjeeb ke andar se ek harf Qaaf (ق) nikalta hai.

Chaetwa makhraj:- AKDI

Zuban ki jadd aur parjeeb ke bahar se ek harf kaaf (ک) nikalta hai.

Sathwa makhraj:- SHAJARI

Beech Zuban aur uske mukhabil beech taalu se teen huroof Jeem (ج ), Sheen ( ش ), Ya (ی ) gair maddah nikalte hai.

Aathwa makhraj:- ZARSI

Bazu-e- Zuban ka kinara aur upar ke sidhein yaa baayein dadoon se ek harf zuaad (ض), nikalta hai.

Nauwa makhraj:- ZALAQI

Noke Zuban aur tarak ke masodoon se ek harf Laam (ل), nikalta hai.

Daswa makhraj:- ZALAQI

Noke Zuban aur upar ke darmiyani datoon ke masodoon se ek harf Noon (ن) nikalta hai.

Gyarawa makhraj:- ZALAQI

Noke Zuban ki peet aur upar ke darmiyani datoon ke masodoon se ek harf Raa (ر), nikalta hai.

Baarwa makhraj:- NUT'EE

Noke Zuban aur upar ke darmiyani datoon ki jadd se teen huroof Taw (ط), Daal (د), Taa (ت) nikalte hai.

Terwah makhraj:- ASLI

Noke Zuban aur neeche ke darmiyani datoon ke kinaroon se teen huroof Swad (ص), Zaa (ز), seen (س) nikalte hai.

Chaudawa makhraj:- LISAWI

Noke Zuban aur upar ke dariyani datoon ke kinaroon se 3 huroof

Zaw (ظ), Zaal (ذ), Saa (ث) nikalte hai.

Pandhrawa makhraj:- SHAFAWI

Neeche ke hont ka payth aur upar ke darmiyani datoon ke kinaroon se ek harf Faa (ف ) nikalta hai.

Soulwa makhraj:- SHAFAWI

Donoo hotoon se teen huroof Ba (ب), Meem (م), Waaw (و) nikalte hai.

Satrawa makhraj:- KHAISHUMI

Naak ke baanse se do huroof Noon (ن), Meem (م), ghunna aur ikhfa ki haalat mein nikalte hai.

HUROOF-E-MADDAH KA BAYAAN

Huroof-e-maddah 3 hai Waw (و), Alif (ا), Yaa (ی). Jab ke ye khud sakin ho aur apne pehle muaafikh harkat rakhein yaane Waw sakin se pehle pesh ho jaise (رَسُوْلُ) yaa sakin se pehle zayr ho jaise (دِیْنٌ) Alif se pehle zabar ho jaise (قَالَ).

NOTE:-

Huroof-e-maddah ki miqdaar e kashish ek Alif ya do harkat ke barabar hai.

2. LAAM-E-JALAALA KA BAYAAN

LAAM-E-JALAALA KI TAREEF:-

Laam e Jalaala lafze “ALLAH (الله)” ke darmiyaani Laam, ko kehte hai.

LAAM-E-JALAALA KE DO QAIDE HAI:-

1. Mota

2. Barik

1. Laam-e-jalaala ko mota padhne ka Qaida :-

Agar lafz-e-Allah ke darmiyaani laam ( ل ) se pehle zabar ya pesh hoto lafz-e-Allah ke darmiyaani laam ( ل ) ko mota padhenge. Jaise

رَسُوْلُ اللهِ

قَالَ اللهُ

اَللهُ

2. Laam-e-jalaala ko baarik padhne ka Qaida.

Agar lafz-e-Allah ke darmyaani laam (ل) se pehle zeir hai to lafz-e-Allah ke darmiyaani laam (ل), ko baarik padhenge. Jaise

بَلِ اللهُ

بَسْمِ اللهِ

NOTE:-

Laam e jalaala ke alawa dusre laam (ل), hamesha barik padha jayega.

Jaise:-

تِلْكَ

ذٰلِكَ

اِلَّا

اِلٰهٌ

3. RAA KE QAIDE

Raa ko mota padhne ke 5 qaide hai:-

1) Raa par zabar, pesh, 2 zabar, 2 pesh hoto raa ko mota padhenge.

2) Raa sakin se pehle zabar ya pesh hoto raa mota padhenge.

3) Raa sakin se pehle ka harf sakin ho uss se pehle zabar ya pesh hoto Raa ko mota padhenge

4) Raa sakin ke baad huroof-e-mustaalia (Sawd, Zawd, Taw, Zaw, Ghain, Khaa aur Qaaf) mein se koi harf aye to raa ko mota padhenge.

5) Raa sakin se pehle aarze zayrr hoto raa ko mota padhenge.

Raa ko barik padhne ke qaide:-

1) Raa par zayrr, 2 zayrr, khada zayrr, hoto baarik padhenge.

2) Raa sakin ho uss se pehle zayrr, ho to raa ko baarik padhenge.

3) Raa sakin se pehle ka harf sakin ho uss se pehle zare hoto raa ko baarik padhenge.

4) Raa sakin uss se pehle yaa sakin hoto raa ko baarik padhenge.

Note 1 :-

emalah ki halat mein bhi raa baarik padhe jaayeinge jaise Majreeha isko lafz-e-sitaree ki tarah padhenge.

Note 2 :-

Sureh shoura mein lafz-e-Firqin ki raa ko baarik aur mota dono tarah se padhna jayez hai lekin baarik padhna behtar hai, issi tarha Alkhitr ki raa ko baarik padhna behtar hai.

4. NOON SAKIN AUR TANVEEN KA BAYAAN

Noon sakin jazam wale noon ko kehte hai. Tanveen do zabar, do zare, do pesh ko tanveen kehta hai. Taveen me noon ki awaaz aati hai.

NOON SAKIN AUR TANVEEN KE 4 QAIDE HAI:-

1) Izhaar

2) Edhghaam

3) Qalb

4) Ikhfa

1.Izhaar ki tareef:-

Noon ki awaaz ko saaf zaahir kar ke padne ko izhaar kehte hai.

Izhaar ke 6 huroof hai:-

Hamzah ( ء ), Haa ( ھ ), Aain ( ع ), Haa ( ح ), Ghain ( غ ), Kha ( خ ).

IZHAAR KA QAIDA:-

Noon sakin yaa taveen ke baad izhaar ke 6 huroof me se koi harf aaye to noon ki awaz ko saaf zahir kar ke padhinge.

Jaise:- Man-aamana (مَنْ ءَامَنَ)

Edhghaam ki tareef:-

Sakin harf ko mutaharrik harf me dakhil karke padhne ko Edhgham kehte hai.

Edhghaam ke 6 huroof hai:-

Yaa ( ي ), Raa ( ر ), Meem ( م ),Laam ( ل ), Waw ( و ), Noon ( ن ).

2. Edhghaam ki do qisme hai:-

1) Edhghaam-e-Ma'alghunna

2) Edhghaam-e-Bilaghunna

Ghunna:-

Awaaz ko naak me ghuma kar padhne ko ghunna kehte hai.

Edhghaam-e-ma'alghunna ke 4 huroof hai:-

Yaa ( ي), Noon (ن ), Meem ( م ),Waw (و ).

Edhgham-e- ma'al ghunna ke Qaida:-

Noon sakin ya tanveen ke baad edhgham maalghunna ke 4 huroof me se koi harf aaye to edhghaam maalghunna hoga.

Jaise:- (مَنْ یَّعْمَلُ) Mayya'malu

Edhghaam-e- Bilaaghunna ka Qaida:-

Noon sakin ya taveen ke baad laam aur Raa me se koi harf aye to edhghaam bilaghunna hoga.

Jaise:- (مِنْ رَّبّھِـمْ) Mir-Rabbihim

Note:-
Noon-e-sakin ke baad yaa (ي), Waw (و), meem (م) ek hi kalime mein waaqe hone ki wajah se edhghaam aur ghunna nahi hoga, balke noon ka izhaar hoga. Jaise:-

صِنْوَانٌ

قِنْوَانٌ

بُنْیَانٌ

دُنْیَا

Note:-

Yaaseen, Wal Quraan aur Noon mein izhaar hoga. Taa – seen – meem mein edhghaam maalghunna hoga.

3.QALB KA QAIDA:-

1) Qalb ki tareef:- Noon ki awaaz ko meem (م) se badal kar padhne ko Qalb kehte hai.

2) Qaida :- Noon sakin ya taveen ke baad baa (ب) aye to noon ki awaaz ko

Meem (م) se badal kar ghunne ke saath padhenge. Jaise:- (مِنْ بَۢعْدِ ) (Mimba'adi)

4.IKHFA KA QAIDA:-

1) Ikhfa ki tareef:-

Noon ki awaaz ko naak me chupa kar padhne ko Ikhfa kehte hai.

2) Ikhfa ke huroof:-

Ikhfa ke 15 huroof hai.

ت ث ج د ذ ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ف ق ك

3) Ikhfa ka Qaida:-

Noon sakin yaa tanveen ke baad Ikhfa ke 15 huroof me se koi harf aaye to noon ki awaaz ko naak me chupa kar ghunne ke saath padhenge.

Jaise:- Antum (أَنْتُمْ)

5.MEEM SAKIN KA BAYAAN

MEEM SAKIN KE 3 QAIDE HAI:-

1) Edhghaam-e- shafavi

2) Ikhfa-e- shafavi

3) Izhaar-e- shafavi

1. Edhghaam-e- shafavi ka Qaida:-

Meem sakin ke baad meem (م) aye to edhghaam-e-shafavi hoga.

Jaise:- fahummin (مِّنْ فَھُمْ )

2. Ikhfa-e- shafavi ka Qaida:-

Meem sakin ki baad baa(ب) aye to Ikhfa-e-shafavi hoga.

Jaise:- Rabbihim – bihim (بِھِمْ رَبِّھِمْ )

3. Izhaare shafavi ka Qaida:-

Meem sakin ke baad Baa (ب), Meem (م), Alif (ا), ke siva baakhi 26 huroof me se koi harf aye to izhaar-e-shafavi hoga.

Jaise:- Alamtaraتَرَ اَلَمْ

Note :-
Meem sakin ke baad waw (و) aur faa (ف) me se koi harf aye toh izhaar-e- taakidi hogi.

6.MADH KA BAYAAN

1) Madh ki Tareef:-
Awaaz ko kheech kar padhne ko madh kehte hai.

2) Madh ki do qisme hai:-

(I) Madh-e-Asli

(II) Madh-e-faraee.

(I) Madh-e-Asli ki tareef:- Huroof-e-maddah ko madh-e-Asli kehte hai jo kisi sabab ka mohtaaj nahi hota, isko shart-e-madh bhi kehte hai.

(II) Madh-e-faraee ki tareef:- Wo madh hai jo kisi sabab ka mohtaaj ho.

Sabab-e-madh 2 hai:-

(I) Hamzah

(II) Sukoon

Sabab-e-madh hamzah ke etebaar se madh-e-faraee ki do qisme hai:-

1) Madh-e-muttasil.

2) Madh-e-munfasil.

1. Madh-e-muttasil ki tareef:- Wo madh hai jisme shart-e-madh ke baad sabab–e-madh hamzah usi kalime me aye. Jaise jaa…..a (جَآءَ), Al-Maaa-u (الْـمَآءُ), wagairah isko madh-e-waajib bhi kehte hai.

2. Madh-e-munfasil ki tareef:- Wo madh hai jisme shart-e-madh ke baad sabab-e-madh hamzah (ء), dosre kalime ke shuru me aye.

Jaise:- bimaa…unzila(بِـماۤ اُنْزِلَ), Ya-Aaadamu (یَٰاۤدَمَ) isko madh-e-jayez bhi kehte hai.

Note:-

Madh-e-muttasil aur madh-e-munfasil ko do alif (ا), ke barabar kheench kar padhenge.

Sabab-e-sukoon ke eitbaar se madh-e-faraee ki Do qisme hai:-

1) Madh-e-Lazim

2) Madh-e-Aariz

1. Madh-e- Lazim ki tareef:- Wo madh hai jisme shart-e-madh ke baad ek hi kalime me sukun-e-Asli Jazam ya tashdeed ki surat me aye.

Jaise:- Aa….al (آٰل), Aa……na (آٰلْـئٰـنَ)

2. Madh-e-Aariz ki tareef:- Wo madh hai jisme shart-e-madh ke baad aarzi sukoon ho.

Jaise:- Rabbil Aaalameen (رَبِّ الْـعٰـلَمِیـْنَ), t'alamoon (تَعْلَمُوْنْ).

Madh-e-lazim ki 4 qisme hai:-

1) Madh-e-lazim kalmi mudhghami.

2) Madh-e-lazim ghair mudhghami.

3) Madh-e-lazim harfee mudhghami

4) Madh-e-lazim harfee ghair mudhghami

1) Madh-e-lazim kalmi mudhghami ki tareef:-

Agar kisi kalime me shart-e-madh ke baad sabab-e-madh sukoon-e-Asli tashdeed ki surat me aye to madh-e-lazim kalmi mudhghami hoga.

Jaise:- Walad-dhaawleen (وَلَا الضَّآلِّیْنَ)

2) Madh-e-lazim kalmi ghair mudhghami ki tareef:-

Agar kisi kalime me shart-e-madh ke baad sababe madh sukoon-e-Asli jazam ki surat me aye to madh-e-lazim kalmi ghair mudhghami hoga.

Jaise:- Aa….al (آٰل), Aa……na (آٰلْـئٰـنَ).

3) Madh-e-lazim harfee mudhghami ki tareef:-

Agar huroof-e-mukhatta'aat me shart-e-madh ke baad sabab-madh Sukun-e-Asli tashdeed ki surat me aye to madh-e-lazim harfee mudhghami hoga.

Jaise:- Alif-Laam-Meem (الۤـمّۤ).

4) Madh-e-lazim harfee ghair mudhghami ki tareef:-

Agar huroof-e-mukhatta'aat me shart-e-madh ke baad sababe-e-madh sukoon-e-Asli Jazam ki surat me aye to madh-e-lazim harfee ghair mudhghami hoga.

Jaise:- Noon (نٓ), qaaf (قٓ) waghaira.

Note 1 :-

Madh-e-lazim ko teen alif ke barabar kheench kar padhna chahiye.

Note 2 :-

Madh-e-Aariz ko teen tarah se padhna jayez hai.

1) Tool:- Teen Alif ka hota hai.

2) Tavassut:- Do Alif ka hota hai.

3) Khasr:- Ek alif ka hota hai.

Harf-e- leen do hai:-

1) waw (و) sakin se pehle zabar jaise Auo (اَو).

2) Yaa (ی) sakin se pehle zabar ho jaise aaye (اَی).

Ye huroof naram awaaz se padhe jate hai isliye inko madh-e-leen kehte hai.

Madh-e-leen ki do qisme hai:-

1) Madh-e-leen Lazim.

2) Madh-e-leen Aariz.

1) Madh-e-leen lazim ki tareef:-

wo madh hai jisme harf-e-leen ke baad sukoon-e-Asli waqe ho.

Jaise:- kaaf, haa, yaa, aain, swad, (کۤـھٰـیٰـعۤـصۤ), Aain, seen, khaaf (عۤـسۤـقۤ).

Quaraan-e-majeed me madh-e-leen lazim sirf do jagah harf-e-Aain par aiya hai, isme tool, tavassut dono jayez hai.

2) Madh-e-leen Aariz ki tareef:-

wo madh hai jisme harf-e-leen ke baad sukoon Aarze, taur par aiya ho.

Jaise:- Quraish (۔قُرِیْشْ), Assaif (الصَّیْـفِ) wagairah.

7.WAKHF KA BAYAAN

Wakhf ki 4 badi qisme hai.

1) Wakhf-e-izteraari.

2) Wakhf-e- ikhtebaari.

3) Wakhf-e-intezaari.

4) Wakhf-e-ikhteyaari.

1) Wakhf-e-izteraari ki tareef:- wo wakhf hai jisme khari saans phool jane ki vajahse majburan tahar jaye.

2) Wakhf-e-ikhtebaari ki tareef:- Wo vakhf hai jisme khaari kisi cheez ki khabar dene ke liye taher jaye wakhf-e-ikhtebaari ka koi mukhaam mukharrar nahi hai.

3) Wakhf-e-intezaari ki tareef:- Wo wakhf hai jisme khaari khirat ke ikhtelaafi woju ko jama karne ki niyaat se tahar jaye.

4) Wakh-e-ikhteyaari ki tareef:- Wo wakhf hai jisme khaari taazah saans lene ke liye teher jaye.

Lafze aur mana ke itebaar se wakhf ki 4 qisme hai:-

1) Wakhf-e-taam

2) Wakhf-e-kaafi

3) Wakhf-e-hasan

4) Wakhf-e-khabih

1) Wakhf-e-taam ki tareef:-

ye wakhf aksar aysi aayat par hota hai jahaa baad ki aayat ka pehli aayat se lafz-e-aur Maanavi koi taaluk na ho aur ye wakhf aksar aayat par hi hota hai.

Jaise:- wa ulaaika humulmuflihun (وَ اُؤْلٰئِكَ ھُمْ الْـمُفْلِحُوْنَ).

2) Wakhf-e-kaafi ki tareef:-

Wo wakhf hai jahaa wakh ke baad ki aayat ka pehli aayat se laphze taalukh na ho balke maanavi taalukh ho.

Jaise:- Al-hamdulillaahi Rabiil-aalameen. Arrahaman - nirrahim

( الْـحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ رَبِّ العٰلَمِیْنَ ۝ ^ﻻ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ ۝ ).

3) Wakhf-e-Hasan ki tareef:-

wo wakhf hai jahaa wakhf karne se jumlah khatam ho jaata hai lekin lafz-e- aur maanavi taalukh baaki rehta hai.

Jaise:- Al-hamdulilahi Rabiil-aalameen

( الْـحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ رَبِّ العٰلَمِیْنَ ۝ ).

4) Wakhf-e- khabih ki taareeef:-

Wo wakhf hai jahaa teher ne se kalaam bhi pura nahi hota aur matlab bhi wazay nahi hota.

Jaise:- Siraatal lazina (الصِّرٰطَ الذِّیْنَ).

8.HAAY-E- KINAYAA KA BAYAAN

Haay-e- kinayaa ki tareef:-

wahed muzakkar gaayeb ki zameer ko haaye kinayaa kehte hai.

Silah ki tareef:-

Harkat ko harf-e-madh ki tarah kheench kar padhne ko silah kehte hai.

Haay ki naaya ki do surate hai:-

1) Haay zamir se pehle zabar ya pesh ho aur baad ka harf muttaharrik ho to silah-bil-waw hoga.

Jaise:- maa-hu se ma-aa-huu

(مَعَهُ ۔۔ مَعَهٗ)

2) Haay zameer se pehle Zayr ho to silah bil-yaa hoga.

Jaise:- bi-hi se bihee

(بِهِ ۔ بِهٖ)

Note 1 :-

Ha-e- zamer se pehle ya baad ka harf sakin hoto silah na hoga.

Jaise:-

(إِلَیْهِ, عَلَیْهِ, فِیْهِ)

Note 2 :-

Haay zameer se pehle yaa (ي) ke siva koi dusra harf sakin aajaye to Haay zameer mazmooh hogi.

Jaise:-

(مِنْهُ, عَـنْهُ)

9.EDHGHAAM KA BAYAAN

Edhghaam ki tareef;-

Sakin harf ko muttaharrik harf me daakhil kar ke ek hi makhraj se dono huroof ke adaa karne ka naam edhghaam hai.

Edhghaam ki do qisme hai:-

1) Edhghaam-e-sagheer

2) Edhghaam-e-kabeer

Edghaam-e-sagheer ki tareef:-

Wo edhghaam hai jis ke dono hurfo me ka pehla harf sakin aur dusra muttaharrik hoto pehle ko dusre me dakhil kar ke padhna chaiye.

Edghaam-e-sagheer ki 3 qisme hai:-

1) Edhghaam-e-mutamasilain

2) Edhghaam-e-mutajanisain

3) Edhghaam-e-mutakhaariain

Edhghaam-e- mutamasilain ki tareef.

Ek jaise 2 huroof jo makhraj aur sifaat dono me ek ho yaane ek hi harf double hoto ek ko dusre me dakhil karke Padhenge.

Jaise:- Rabihat-tijaratuhum (رَبِحَتْ تِّجَارَتُـھُمْ)

Note 1 :-

Agar in 2 huroof me ka pehla harf madh-e-asli ho to edhghaam nahi hoga.

Jaise:- Fee Youmin (فِیْ یَوْمِنْ ) Qaaluu Wahum (قَالُوْا وَھُمْ ), wagairah.

Note 2:- Maaliyaah halaka (مَالِیَهْ ۝ ھَلَكَ) ki haa par sakta hai edhghaam nahi hoga.

Edhghaame-e-mutajanisain ki tareef:-

Aaise 2 huroof jo makhraj me ek ho lekin sifaat me alag-alag ho to pehle harf ka dosre harf me mukammal edhghaam hoga.

Jaise:- Izzzalamu (إِذْ ظَلَمُوْا), irr kab maana (إِرْ کَبْ مَّعَنَا)

Edhghaam-e-mutakharibain ki tareef:-

Aise 2 huroof jo makharij wa sifaat me qareeb - qareeb ho to pehle ka dosre harf me mukkamal edhghaam hoga jaisa me mukkamal edhghaam hoga.

Jaise:- (وَ قُلْ رَّبِّ) ۔ (قُلْ رَّبِّ)

Note 1:- Agar sakin harf mutbaqa ho to uski sifat zahir kee jayegi.

Jaise:- Aahattu (أَحَطْتُّ), Basatta (بَسَطْتَّ), is ko idhghaame nakhis kehte hai.

Note 2 :- Huroof-e-halaqi ke mutajanisain me edhghaam na hoga.

Jaise:- fasfah-anhu (فَاصْفَحْ عَنْهُ)

Note 3:- Issi tarah meem ka waw me edhghaam, na hoga. (عَلَیْھِمْ وَلَا)

Note 4 :- Lafz-e-balraana ( بَلْ رَانَ) me sakta hai edhghaam na hoga.

Edhghaame kabir ki tareef:-

Wo edhghaam hai jiske do no harf muttaharrik ho pehle harf ko dosre harf me edhghaam kiya jayega.

Jaise:- Laa taa-manna (مَنَّا لَا تَأْ) ye asal me laa taa manu na ( مَنُ نَا لَا تَأْ ) tha.

10. TILAWAT KI KAIFIAT

Tilaawat-e-Quaraan-e-kareem ki 3 kaifiat hai:-

1) Tarteel

2) Hadar

3) Tadveer

1) Tarteel ki tareef:- Quaraan-e-kareem ko teher-teher kar jumlah khawaeday ke saat tilawat karne ko tarteel khete hai .

2) Hadar ki tareef:- Quaraan-e-kareem ko jumlah kahwayed ka khiyaal rakhte huye tayzi se padhne ko hadar kehte hai.

3) Tadveer ki tareef:- Tarteel aur hadar ki darmiyaani raftaar se tilawat karne ko tadveer kehte hai.

11.LAHAN KA BAYAN

Lahan ki do qisme hai:-

1) lahan-e-jali

2) lahan-e-khafi

Lahan-e-jali ki tareef:-

Wo lahan hai jisme quarani Kalimaat me aaysi ghalati karna ke harf ya harkat badal jane se mane bhi badal jaye.

Jaise:- alhaamdu (الْـحـَمْدُ) ke bajaye alhamdu (الہَمْد) padhna .

lahan-e-jali se aadmi ghunahgaar hata hai aur namaaz bhi fasid hoti hai.

Lahan-e-khafi ki tareef:-

Ghunna, ikhfa na karne, madh ki ziyadati aur mota aur baarik ka lehaz na karna , lahan-e-khafi khelata hai is se tilawat ki zeenat khatam ho jati hai.

12. HUOOF-E-QAMARI 14 HAI:-

ب ج ح خ ع غ ف ق ك م و ہ ء ی

Agar in huroof me phele alif, laam aae to laam (ال) padhna hai .

Jaise:-

الْحَمْدُ

الْبَلَ

الْـقَمَرُ وَ

13.HUROOF-E-SHAMSI 14 HAI:- ت ث د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ل ن

Agar in huroof se phele alif, laam (ال) aae to laam nahi padha jayega.

Jaise:-

الذَّھَبُ

بِالدِّیْنِ

الثَّمَرَهُ

وَالشَّمْسِ

14. HAMZAH-E – ASLI KI TAREEEF:-

Wo hamzah jo shuru karne aur milane par dono surato me padha jata hai.

Jaise:- (أَرْسَلَ وَ - أَرْسَلَ) & (اِیَّاكَ ۔ وَاِیَّاكَ)

15. HAMZAH-E WASLI KI TAREEF:-

Wa hamzah hai jo shuru karte waqt pahdha jata hai. Lekin milaane ki surat me nahi padha jata hai. Jaise:- (الْـحَمْدُ ۔ وَٱلْـحَمْدُ)

16. NOON-E-KHUTNI KI TAREEF:-

Agar phele kalime ke aakhir me tanveen ho aur dosre kalime ke shuru me Hamzah-e-wasli ho to, hamza-e-wasli gir jayega aur do sakin ki jama hone ki wajah se tanveen ke noon ko zayr laga ka padhenge Isko noom-e khutni khete hain.

Jaise:- Noohu-nibnahoo (ابْنَهٗ نُوْحٌ) se ( نُوْحُ نِبْنَهٗ).

17. HAMZATAIN KA BAYAAN

Hamzatain ki tareef:-

Ek jagah do hamzah (أ ء) Ke jama hone ko hamzatain khete hai.

Hazah ko 3 tarah se padha jata hai:-

1) Tasheel

2) Tahkheekh

3) Ibdaal

Tasheel:- Hamzah ko narmi ke saath aada karne ko Tasheel khaye hai.

Tahkheekh:- Hamzah ko uske puray sifaat ke saath adaa karne ko Tahkheekh khete hai.

Ibdal:- Hamzah ko harf-e-madh se badal kar padhne ko Ibdal khete hai.

18. MUQTASAR HAALAAT IMAAM-E–JAZZRI (RH)

1. Aap ka naam shamsuddin hai.

2. Aap ke walid Aka naam Muhammed Bin Muhammed hai.

3. Aap ki kuniyat Abul Khair hai.

4. Aap ki tareekh-e-paidayish 25^th Ramzaan 1350 esvi hai.

5. Aapki wafaat 5 Rabbiul Aawal 1429 hai.

6. Aap15 saal ki umar me Haafiz-e-Quran huwe.

7. Aap 1 lakh Ahadees Sharifa ke Hafiz thay. Aap Hadees, Fikhah aur Khirat teeno me mahaarat rakhte thay. Aapki muqhtalif uloom me 45 kitaabe hai jinme se Al-Mukhaddamah-Al-Jazriyah bohut mashoor hain.

19. HAALAAT IMAAM-E-AASIM KUFI RAHMATULALAI (RH ).

1. Aapka naam Aasim hai.

2. Aap ke waalid ka naam Abdullah hai.

3. Aap ki paidayish 33 hijri me huwi.

4. Aap tabayee hai.

5. Aap Quaraan-e-Majid ko behtareen awaaz me tajweed ke saath tilaawat farmate thay.

6. Aap hazrat Haaris-Bin Hassaan (RH) ke sohobat yaaftah thay.

7. Aap ki wafaat shahre kufa me 127 Hijri me huwi.

8. Aap ke do rawi hai. Pehle rawi ka naam Shouba (RH) hai aur dosre rawi ka naam Hafs (RH) hai aur hum inhi ki riwaayat se Quran ki tilawat karte hai.

20. HAALAAT IMAAM-E-SHOUBA (RH)

1. Aap ka naam Shouba-Bin Eeyaash Kufi hai.

2. Aap 95 Hijri me Kufa me paida huye.

3. Aap Bilaawastah Hazrat Imaam-e-Aasim kufi (RH) se riwayat karte hai.

4. Aap ki wafaat 193 Hijri me huwi.

21. HAALAAT IMAAM-E-HAFS (RH)

1. Aap ka naam Hafs-Bin Sulaimaan hai.

2. Aap 90 Hijri me kufa me paida huwe.

3. Aap Imaam-e-Aasim koufi (RH) ki khirat ke sabse bade Aalim thee.

4. Aap Imaam-e-Aazam Abu-Hanifa (RH) ke Humdars bhi thee. Tamaam duniya me aam taur par aap hi ke riwayat se Quran-e-Majid likha aur padha jata hai.

5. Aap ki wafaat 180 Hijri me huwi.

22. SIFAAT-E-ASDADIYA 5 HAI :

Yeh panch ki zidh mey paanch jumle – jumla das (10) sifat hai.

Huruf-e-mahmoosa: 10 hai jinka majmua فَحَـثَّـهُ شَخْصٌ سَکَـتْ baaqi 19 huroof majhura hai.

Huruf-e-shadida: 8 hai jinka majmua اَجِدْ قَطٍّ بَکَتْ mutawassita 5 hai baaqi 16 huroof riqwa hai.

Huruf-e-mustalia: 7 hai : خ ص ض غ ط ق ظ jiska majmua (خُصَّ ضَغْطٍ قِظْ) baaqi ke 22 huroof mustafila hai

Huruf-e-mubtaqa : 4 hai : ص ض ط ظ baaqi ke 25 huroof munfatiha hai

Huruf-e-muzlaqa: 6 hai : ف ر م ن ل ب jiska majmua (فَرَّ مِنْ لُبْ) baaqi ke 25 huroof musmata hai

Sifaat-e-ghair-asdadiya 7 hai :

Huruf-e-safira : 3 hai : ص ز س

Huruf-e-layyinah : 2 hai : و ی

Huruf-e-qalqala : 5 hai : ق ط ب ج د (قُطْبُ جَدٍّ)

Huruf-e-munharifa : 2 hai : ل ،ر

Huruf-e-mukarrara :1 hai : ر

Huruf-e-tafassha : 1 hai : ش

Huruf-e-istetalat: 1 hai : ض

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